Construction and Validation of the Questionnaire on Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence among Iranian Students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD in Psychology, Teacher, Ardakan, Yazd, Iran

2 Master's student in clinical psychology, Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

This study aimed to construct and validate a questionnaire measuring Iranian students' attitudes towards artificial intelligence.This descriptive research is quantitative in nature and applied studies in terms of purpose. The target population consisted of male and female adolescents in the first grade of secondary school in Ardekan County in the years 2022-2023, with an approximate population of 9900. Sampling was done voluntarily. Validity was determined using formal validity, internal consistency, and structural validity methods. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using version 26 of the SPSS statistical software and version 24 of the AMOS software. The results showed that a unifactorial self-report questionnaire on Iranian students' attitudes towards artificial intelligence is appropriate after removing 3 out of the initial 10 questions. Construct validity and formal validity were used to assess the questionnaire's reliability. Internal consistency was established by calculating the correlation coefficient of each question with the overall questionnaire, falling within the range of 0.656 to 0.805. The results indicated desirable factor loadings above 0.4. Additionally, the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.043, the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) was 0.987, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) was 0.995, and the df/χ2 value was 472.1, supporting the structural validity of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, indicating a satisfactory value of 0.844 for the entire questionnaire.